A Note From the Leupold Engineers
What is a Mil (Mil Dot Reticle)
There seems to be quite an
urban legend surrounding the "different mills". Here's a brief
history on the military mil and its comparison to the milliradian.
Sometime prior to WWI with the advent of precision artillery, the
military decided to come up with a precision compass unit. The
milliradian was in the ballpark of what they were looking for, but
6283.19 milliradians to 360 degrees would have made the math
difficult. So the military shrank the milliradian by about 2%, and
wound up with 6400 mills to 360 degrees. Why 6400 versus a simple
rounding to 6300??? Well 6400 is easily divisible by 8, which
corresponds to the primary cardinal directions (i.e. N, NE, E, SE,
S, SW, W, NW) and their subdivisions. So (as far as I know), that
is how the military "mil" was created. The mil dot reticles that we
produce are based on the milliradian. The reason we do that, is
that it fulfills the 1000 to 1 ranging ratio which the military
wanted. What this means is that 1 milliradian will subtend a 1
meter target at 10 00 meters (or a 1 yard target at 1000 yards, a 1
foot target at 1000 feet.....you get the picture). The milliradian
does this exactly, thus it was chosen. Now when we compare the
military "compass mil" and the milliradian, they are rather close:
1.02 military mills (3.375 moa) = 1.00 milliradian (3.439 moa). As
you can see the difference is miniscule.....it roughly corresponds
to a 2 centimeter difference on a 1 meter target at 1000 meters, or
a 2 millimeter difference on a 1 meter target at 100 meters. That's
a 0.079"!!!! So even with a 1/4 moa barrel and 1/4 moa adjustments
on the scope itself, it would make no difference to the shooter
whether he calculates the distance using the milliradian or the
mil. As far as ranging is concerned, the difference is similar:
using the military mil, a 1 meter target at 1000 meters would be
ranged at 980 meters. At 100 meters, the 1 meter target would be
ranged at 98 meters. I seriously doubt whether anyone can actually
use a mil dot reticle to that degree of accurac y anyway. In
practicality, most modern military cartridges do not drop like a
rock. If one is shooting out to 1000 meters, they are using a 300
WM or a 338 Lapua, which will not have a significant enough drop in
the 1000 meter ballpark to reflect a 20 meter difference. So, as
you can see the difference between the two is rather insignificant
to all but a few world class bench rest shooters (if that).
Mil Dots as aiming points
Utilizing Mil Dots as aiming points, that is the "Dots" of the
mil dot system, requires knowing which Dot to use for each 50/100
yd increment for the entire trajectory of your bullet. The Dots
designated for long range will have to be the aiming point for a
series of yardage increments. The amount of hold from target center
will be different for each increment depending on the distance. You
may have to hold the designated Dot low from target center for one
50 yd increment, then high for the next 50 yds. There is no
consistent pattern to go by. Each high and low hold from target
center will range anywhere from several inches to a few feet
depending on the distance. For some long-range shots, you will have
to place the appropriate Dot literally above or below your target
for the proper bullet drop compensation. This provides no real
aiming point to focus on which is a crucial factor for accurate
long range shooting. The disadvantages of utilizing Mil Dots as
aiming points for bullet drop compensation are a s follows: The
limited number of Mil Dots having to be utilized as aiming points
for so many yardage increments creates the problem of so many
different holds on your target. Shooting at high altitudes or
extreme temperatures requires different holds than that applied for
the field conditions at your home range. The size of a Dot covers
up too much of your target for a precise shot at long, as well as,
medium ranges. The dot completely covers up small or partially
concealed targets at medium to long-range engagement. You cannot be
dialed in at an appropriate yardage setting with the Mil Dot
system. The Mil Dot system should be used for what it was designed
for which is range finding.
Why is Leupold Mil Dot reticle a round dot reticle?
Detailed investigation of the military and law enforcement
market preferences indicated that the most widely used design is a
round dot mil dot reticle. As neither design is superior to the
other, the intent of Leupold's choice was to provide the style that
was most familiar to our military and law enforcement customers, as
indicated by their own previously expressed preferences.
Mil Dot Reticle
The Mil. Dot reticle is available for all tactical scopes. The
Mil. Dot is also available for the LPS 3.5-14x50mm Side Focus,
Vari-X III 2.5-8x36mm, Vari-X III 6.5-20x50mm Adj. Obj, Vari-X III
6.5-20x50mm Long Range Target, M8-6x42mm Adj. Obj. Target, and the
Vari-X II 4-12x40mm Adj. Obj. An illuminated Mil. Dot reticle is
available in the following illuminated reticle scopes: Vari-X III
3.5-10x50mm Illuminated Reticle Scope (matte), Vari-X III
4.5-14x50mm Adj. Obj. Illuminated Reticle Scope (matte), Vari-X III
3.5-10x40mm Long Range M1 Illuminated Reticle Scope (matte), and
our Vari-X III 3.5-10x40mm Long Range M3 Illuminated Reticle Scope
(matte). The Mil. Dot reticle is a range finding reticle originally
developed for military applications. The space between dot centers
subtends one milliradian(mil). One mil. subtends 3.6 inches at 100
yards or 36 inches at 1,000 yards. To use this system effectively
you must know the size of the target. Please note that your Mil.
Dot reticle was calibrated to be used at one magnification. If your
scope is a 3.5-10 the correct magnification is 10x. On the 4.5-14
use 14x. On the 6.5-20 use 10x, or double the distance determined
on 20x. The use of any other magnification will yield inaccurate
results. Height of target (yards) X 1,000/Height of target (mils)
=Range (yards)
Range Estimating With The Mil. Dot Reticle
With practice, the Mil Dot system is simple to use. Dots are
spaced in one mil (milliradian) increments on the crosshair. Using
the mil formula, the shooter can create a table based on the known
size of the object targeted. Just look through the scope, bracket
the object between dots, and refer to the table for an estimated
distance to the target. Leupold scopes fitted with the Mil Dot
reticle include more specific instructions on its use.
